The Ultimate Pet Vaccine Guide: What Every Pet Owner Needs to Know

Vaccines play a crucial role in protecting your dog or cat from serious diseases. Understanding which vaccines your pet needs, why they are important, and how they keep your furry friend healthy can help you make informed decisions about their care. This guide covers all available dog and cat vaccines, explains the difference between core and non-core vaccines, and highlights the importance of vaccination in your pet’s wellness plan.

What Are Core Vaccines and Why Are They Important?

Core vaccines protect pets from diseases that are widespread, highly contagious, or pose a serious risk to their health. These vaccines are recommended for all dogs and cats regardless of their lifestyle because the diseases they prevent can be fatal or cause severe illness.

Core Vaccines for Dogs

• Rabies: Protects against rabies virus, which affects the nervous system and is fatal. Rabies is a zoonotic disease, meaning it can spread to humans. Vaccination is required by law in many areas.

• DHP/P: This vaccine protects against several serious diseases, including canine distemper, a highly contagious virus affecting the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems; canine parvovirus, a severe and often fatal intestinal infection particularly dangerous for puppies; and infectious canine hepatitis, caused by adenovirus, which impacts the liver and other organs.

  
  

• Leptospirosis: Due to its prevalence in Florida, the leptospirosis vaccine is considered a core vaccine. This vaccine protects against a bacterial infection that can be caught from contaminated water or wildlife. It is recommended for dogs in rural areas or those exposed to standing water.

Core Vaccines for Cats

• Rabies: Like dogs, cats need protection from rabies due to its fatal nature and risk to humans.

• FVRCP: This vaccine provides comprehensive protection against several serious feline diseases, including Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper), which is a highly contagious and deadly viral disease that severely impacts the immune system and intestines; as well as Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis and Calicivirus, both of which are responsible for upper respiratory infections and are prevalent among cats globally.

Non-Core Vaccines and When They Are Needed

Non-core vaccines are recommended based on your pet’s lifestyle, environment, and risk factors. Not every pet needs these vaccines, but they can be important for pets exposed to certain conditions or areas.

Non-Core Vaccines for Dogs

• Bordetella (Kennel Cough): This vaccine protects against Bordetella bronchiseptica, a bacterium that causes kennel cough, which is a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs. It is especially recommended for dogs that spend time in boarding facilities, dog parks, grooming salons, or daycare, where they are at a higher risk of exposure to the pathogen.

  
  

• Lyme Disease: This vaccine helps protect dogs against Lyme disease, which is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, transmitted through tick bites. It is particularly recommended for dogs living in or traveling to regions where ticks carrying Lyme disease are prevalent, as these areas pose a significant risk for tick exposure and subsequent infection.

  
  

• Canine Influenza: This vaccine protects against canine influenza virus, which can lead to severe respiratory illness in dogs. It is recommended for dogs in high-risk environments, such as boarding facilities, dog shows, or any situation where they may come into close contact with other dogs, as these settings can facilitate the spread of the virus.

Non-Core Vaccines for Cats

• Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) is a serious infection in cats, leading to immune suppression, anemia, and increased cancer risk. The Feline Veterinary Medical Association recommends vaccinating all kittens for FeLV, and then on an as-needed basis for adult cats according to their risk and exposure to ensure their health and longevity. This vaccine is recommended for cats that go outdoors or live with other cats that may be infected.

Why Vaccinate Your Pet?

Vaccination protects your pet from diseases that can cause severe illness, long-term health problems, or death. It also helps prevent the spread of contagious diseases to other animals and humans. Vaccines stimulate your pet’s immune system to recognize and fight infections quickly.

Benefits of Vaccination

• Prevents serious illness: Many vaccine-preventable diseases have no cure and can be fatal.

• Protects the community: Vaccinated pets reduce the risk of outbreaks in animal populations in our area.

• Saves money: Treating diseases is often more expensive than preventing them with vaccines.

• Supports public health: Vaccines like rabies protect both pets and people.

Understanding Vaccine Reactions

Most pets tolerate vaccines very well. Mild reactions such as soreness at the injection site, slight fever, or tiredness may occur but usually resolve quickly. Serious reactions are extremely rare.

What to Watch For

• Swelling or lumps at the injection site lasting more than a few days

• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea

• Difficulty breathing or swelling of the face

• Collapse or seizures (very rare)

  
  

If you notice any of these signs, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Puppy and Kitten Vaccine Packages to Support Your Pet’s Health

We understand that puppies and kittens need multiple vaccines and wellness services in a short time. To help ease the cost and ensure your young pet gets the best start, we offer puppy and kitten wellness packages. These packages include all core vaccines, wellness exams, parasite prevention, and more at a bundled price.

Learn more about what is included in all of our wellness packages by visiting our packages page.

Keeping Your Pet’s Vaccines Up to Date

Vaccination is not a one-time event. Your pet needs booster shots throughout their life to maintain protection. Your veterinarian will recommend a vaccination schedule based on your pet’s age, health, and lifestyle.

Tips for Staying on Track

• Keep a vaccination record (Or bookmark our Vello portal on your phone, where you always have access to your pet's records!)

• Schedule regular wellness exams - once per year for adult pets, twice per year for senior pets

• Discuss any lifestyle changes with your vet that may require additional vaccination

  
  

At Newberry Animal Hospital, we understand that each pet is unique and deserves personalized care to keep them happy, healthy, and comfortable. Our dedicated team is here to customize vaccine schedules that cater specifically to your furry companion's health requirements. Ready to book your pet's next vaccine update? Request an appointment at any of our 4 locations below:

Book @ NAH - 39th Avenue

Book @ NAH - Newberry

Book @ NAH - Main St. Gainesville

Book @ NAH - Springhill

Holiday Pet Safety: Keeping Your Furry Friends Safe This Season

The holiday season is a time of warmth, celebration, and togetherness. However, amidst the joy and decorations, this festive period can also present hidden dangers to our furry companions. Luckily, we have put together a comprehensive holiday pet safety guide. This guide will help you keep your pet happy and healthy during this joyful (and potentially hazardous) time of year.

Understanding the Risks

As the holidays approach, it's essential to understand the various risks pets face. These risks can stem from food, decorations, plants, and even the stress of having guests. By being aware of these dangers, you can take proactive steps to ensure your pet's safety.

Toxic Holiday Foods

What’s a feast for us can be a life-threatening danger for pets. Some of our favorite holiday foods are actually toxic to cats and dogs.

• Chocolate: Contains theobromine and caffeine, which can cause vomiting, diarrhea, tremors, and seizures.

• Grapes and Raisins: Even small amounts can cause kidney failure in dogs.

• Xylitol (in sugar-free candy and baked goods): Causes a rapid insulin release leading to hypoglycemia, liver failure, and even death in dogs.

• Alcohol: Even small amounts can lead to intoxication and respiratory failure.

• Fatty Foods & Bones: Table scraps like turkey skin or ham can lead to pancreatitis, while cooked bones may splinter and cause internal injuries.

• Yeast Dough: Can rise in a pet's stomach, causing painful bloating and potentially twisting of the stomach (bloat or GDV), which is a life-threatening emergency. The yeast also ferments, producing alcohol that can lead to alcohol poisoning.

  
  

NAH Safety Tip: Politely decline the urge to “treat” your pet to a Christmas dinner. Stick to their regular diet and offer pet-safe treats instead.

Dangerous Decorations

While your pet might find Christmas decorations fascinating, they’re not toys—and many pose real risks.

• Tinsel and Ribbons: Particularly tempting to cats, these can cause intestinal blockages if swallowed.

• Glass Ornaments: If broken, they can cut paws or be accidentally ingested.

• Electric Lights and Cords: Pets that chew wires risk burns or electrocution.

• Candles: Curious noses and wagging tails can easily knock them over, causing burns or fires.

• Holiday Tree Water: May contain fertilizers, pesticides, or bacteria that can cause vomiting or diarrhea if ingested.

  
  

NAH Safety Tip: Keep ornaments and lights out of reach, and opt for shatterproof decorations when possible.

Holiday Plants

Some festive plants can be highly toxic to pets:

• Mistletoe: Contains toxins that can cause a range of symptoms in pets, including vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain due to gastrointestinal irritation. In more severe cases, it can affect the heart, leading to a drop in blood pressure, a slowed heart rate, and even collapse.

• Poinsettias: Usually cause mild irritation - ingestion can lead to drooling or vomiting.

• Holly: Can cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

• Lilies: Extremely toxic to cats - even licking the pollen can cause kidney failure.

  
  

NAH Safety Tip: Consider pet-safe alternatives or keep plants far out of reach and off the floor.

Gift Wrap and Toys

Wrapping paper, bows, and toys with small parts are easy to overlook, but pose real threats:

• Plastic packaging and wrapping: Can cause choking or an intestinal blockage when eaten.

• Batteries and magnets: Swallowing batteries or magnets is a medical emergency. Batteries can cause severe internal burns and tissue damage as the battery discharges, while magnets can attract each other across intestinal walls - leading to tissue necrosis, perforation, and peritonitis.

• Toys with small parts: Can become lodged in the throat or intestines if chewed and swallowed.

  
  

NAH Safety Tip: Clean up wrapping paper quickly after gifts are opened, and supervise your pet around new toys.

Guests and Stress

During the holidays, pets can experience increased stress due to a combination of factors. The influx of visitors, changes in their daily routine, and the general increase in household noise can be overwhelming. These disruptions can lead to anxiety, hiding behaviors, or even attempts to escape from the home.

• Open doors: During holiday gatherings, with many people coming and going, it's easy for a door to be left ajar. Pets, especially those who are curious or prone to bolting, can quickly slip out unnoticed, putting them at risk.

• Stress-induced illness: The hustle and bustle of the holidays can be very stressful for pets. This stress can manifest as gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting or diarrhea, or behavioral issues like increased anxiety or aggression.

• Unknown guests feeding treats: Well-meaning visitors may not be aware of which human foods are toxic or unhealthy for pets. Even small amounts of certain foods can cause significant health problems for your furry friends.

  
  

NAH Safety Tip: Provide a quiet, secure space where your pet can retreat, and inform guests not to feed them when they are out and socializing.

When to Call the Vet

Contact your veterinarian or an emergency animal hospital immediately if your pet:

• Ingests something toxic

• Vomits repeatedly or has severe diarrhea

• Seems lethargic or disoriented

• Has difficulty breathing

• Shows signs of pain or discomfort

  
  

The holiday season should be a time of comfort and joy for the whole family, including your pets. With a bit of preparation and vigilance, you can keep the holidays merry, bright, and safe for your furry friends. If you’re ever unsure whether something is safe for your pet, a quick call to your vet or one of the below pet poison helplines could save you both a lot of heartache.

Pet Poison Helpline: (855) 764-7661

ASPCA Pet Poison Control: (888) 426-4435

From all of us here at Newberry Animal Hospital, we wish you a safe and happy holiday season!

Book a Visit @ NAH - 39th Avenue

Book a Visit @ NAH - Main St. Gainesville

Book a Visit @ NAH - Newberry

Book a Visit @ NAH - Springhill

Having a pet emergency when our hospitals are closed for the holidays? Contact one of our local pet emergency hospitals to get your furry friend immediate care:

Community Care Veterinary Specialists: (352) 225-3501

UF Small Animal Hospital: (352) 392-2235

Urgent Vet Gainesville: (352) 374-0040

Understanding Diabetes in Pets: A Comprehensive Guide

Diabetes isn’t just a human condition—our furry family members can develop it too. Diabetes in pets can often go unnoticed in the early stages, as the signs can be subtle or mistaken for normal aging. Early detection is key to helping your pet live a longer, healthier, and happier life.

What Is Diabetes in Pets?

Diabetes occurs when the body can’t properly produce or respond to insulin—the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar (glucose). This leads to elevated glucose levels in the blood and urine, which can affect multiple organs if left untreated. Just like in people, pets with diabetes require proper management. This can usually be achieved with insulin, a tailored diet, and regular monitoring.

Early Signs to Watch for in Dogs and Cats

While some pets show very clear signs of diabetes, others may only display subtle changes. Here are some of the most common early symptoms of diabetes in both dogs and cats:

1. Increased Thirst (Polydipsia)

If your pet is suddenly draining their water bowl more than usual, don’t ignore it! Excessive thirst is one of the most common and early signs of diabetes.

2. Frequent Urination (Polyuria)

Drinking more water leads to more bathroom trips. You might notice more accidents in the house, increased litter box usage, or that your dog is asking to go outside more often.

3. Increased Hunger (Polyphagia)

Due to an inability to process glucose properly, a diabetic pet’s body typically reacts by signaling hunger as it tries to gain energy.

4. Unexplained Weight Loss

Despite eating more, a diabetic pet may still lose weight. If your pet is eating normally (or even more than usual) but still losing weight, it could be a sign that their body isn’t processing nutrients effectively, which is often a red flag for diabetes.

5. Lethargy or Weakness

Is your pet sleeping more than usual or not as interested in playing? Chronic fatigue or weakness, especially in the hind legs for cats, can indicate nerve issues related to diabetes.

6. Cloudy Eyes (Dogs Only)

Diabetic cataracts can cause cloudy or bluish eyes in dogs. If left untreated, they can lead to blindness.

7. Poor Coat Condition

Cats especially may stop grooming themselves as their energy levels drop. A greasy or unkempt coat can be another subtle sign of something being off.

What to Do If You Notice These Signs

If your dog or cat is showing any of these symptoms, don’t wait! Your pet’s veterinarian can do a simple blood test and urinalysis to confirm if diabetes is the cause.

Early treatment helps avoid complications like:

• Cataracts and blindness

• Nerve damage

• Urinary tract infections

• Kidney issues

• Ketoacidosis (a life-threatening condition)

  
  

The earlier we can catch diabetes in your pet, the easier it is to manage. If something feels off with your furry friend, trust your instincts and give us a call. You know your pet best—we’re just here to help you keep them happy and healthy.

Managing Diabetes in Pets

Managing diabetes in pets involves a combination of insulin therapy, diet, and regular veterinary check-ups. Here’s a closer look at each aspect:

Insulin Therapy

Most diabetic pets require insulin injections to help regulate their blood sugar levels. Your veterinarian will determine the appropriate dosage and schedule based on your pet's specific needs. It's important to administer insulin consistently to maintain stable glucose levels.

Diet

A balanced diet is crucial for managing diabetes. Your veterinarian may recommend a special diet that is high in fiber and low in simple carbohydrates. This helps regulate blood sugar levels and can aid in weight management. Always consult with your vet before making any changes to your pet's diet.

Regular Monitoring

Regular check-ups with your veterinarian are essential for monitoring your pet's condition. Blood tests and urinalysis can help track glucose levels and ensure that the treatment plan is effective. Keeping a close eye on your pet's behavior and symptoms will also aid in managing their diabetes.

Conclusion

Understanding diabetes in pets is vital for their health and well-being. By recognizing the early signs and seeking prompt veterinary care, you can help your furry friend lead a happy, healthy life. Remember, you are your pet's best advocate. If you notice any changes in their behavior or health, don’t hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian.

For more information or to schedule a visit, check out these links:

Book a Visit @ NAH - 39th Avenue

Book a Visit @ NAH - Newberry

Book a Visit @ NAH - Main Street Gainesville

Book a Visit @ NAH - Springhill